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Ahmad Sotoudeh1, Seyed Saeed Mazloomy Mahmoodabad1*, Hossein Fallahzadeh2, Ali Akbar Vaezi3 and Mohammad Taqhi Noorbala4
 
1 Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Health Education & Promotion, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
2 Research Center of Prevention and Epidemiology of Non-Communicable Disease, Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
3 Department of Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Research Center for Nursing & Midwifery Care in Family Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran
4 Department of Dermatology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
 
*Correspondence: Seyed Saeed Mazloomy Mahmoodabad, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Health Education & Promotion, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran, Email: seyedsaeed16@yahoo.com

Citation: Sotoudeh A, et al. A Qualitative Study of Perceived Cost of Response in Skin Cancer Prevention Behaviours: The Case of Iranian Sailors’ Perceptions. Ann Med Health Sci Res. 2019;9: 649-654

This open-access article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (CC BY-NC) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits reuse, distribution and reproduction of the article, provided that the original work is properly cited and the reuse is restricted to noncommercial purposes. For commercial reuse, contact reprints@pulsus.com

Abstract

Background: Consistent exposure to the ultra-violate ray of the sun is a key factor involved in skin cancer afflicting external workers including sailors. Sailors’ low level of awareness and lack of protective behaviors caused by inadequate knowledge is a key concern. The present research aimed to explore sailors’ perceptions and experiences of the cost of response in showing protective behaviors of skin cancer in the south of Iran.

Materials and methods: The present research used semi-structured interviews which were conducted between January and April 2019. A total number of 22 subjects (19 sailors, 3 skin cancer patients with sailing experience) participated in this research. All interviews were audio-recorded and later on transcribed carefully. Guided qualitative content analysis was conducted and then analyzed in the light of the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT).

Results: Based on the cost of response construct of PMT, 3 primary categories were extracted each having its own sub-categories: 1. Cognitive limitations with 2 sub-categories of low awareness and knowledge and false conceptions, 2. Psycho-sociological limitations with 3 sub-categories of lacking motivation and encouragement, belief in fate and peer humiliation, 3. Financial sources with 3 sub-categories of living problems, accommodation and high cost of goods.

Conclusion: Sailors’ low knowledge and awareness along with their belief in insusceptibility to skin cancer were among barriers to adopting protective behaviors against skin cancer. Appropriate communication of healthcare staff with sailors as well as the development and constant implementation of educational programs are recommended.

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